GLP-1 and Blindness

photo of intermediate macular degeneration c National Institutes of Health

We talk with scientists who report that a common weight loss/diabetes drug known as a GLP-1 receptor agonist (Wegovy, Ozempic for instance) is associated with an increased risk of blindness.  The study was published last week in the Journal of the American Medical Association Ophthalmology, about a form of blindness known as “wet” macular degeneration.   The scientists we talk with today are Marko Popovic and Reut Shor.  We also refer to a different, unrelated study, underway, to evaluate a ketogenic diet and eye health, specifically, whether or not a ketogenic diet can reduce diabetes while providing better protection to the eye.

Executive Producer: Joel Parker
Show Producer: Shelley Schlender

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Animal Pandemics?

On this week’s How on Earth, Beth talks with author and science journalist Liz Kalaugher, about her new book, The Elephant in the room:How to Stop Making Ourselves and Other Animals Sick. Think about it this way: When new diseases spread, news reports often focus on wildlife culprits–rodents, monkeys and mpox; bats and COVID-19; waterfowl and avian flu; or mosquitoes and Zika. But, as Liz points out, we see it often works the other way around–humans have caused diseases in other animals countless times, through travel and transport, the changes we impose on our environment, and global warming. In her deeply researched and often entertaining book, Liz introduces the wildlife we have harmed and the experts now studying the crosscurrents between humans, other animals, and health.

Executive Producer: Beth Bennett
Show Producer: Beth Bennett
Additional Contributions: Joel Parker and Shelley Schlender
Engineer:Jackie Sedley

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Saving Weather Forecasting, Climate Science

Scientists speak out for science (start time: 1:00) The Trump administration has been on a dizzying streak of slashing federal funding for scientific research, and firing thousands of federal scientists. Among the casualties is the National Weather Service, which supplies critical data from air balloons and climate models to develop weather forecasts. Many cities and agencies use these data to warn the public when extreme weather, such as a hurricane, is approaching. This crisis has prompted some climate scientists and meteorologists to organize a marathon five-day event, starting May 28, to educate the public about how vital their work is to society, and to mobilize people to take action. Host Susan Moran interviews two climate scientists who are on the organizing team of 100 Hours to Save America’s Forecasts. Margaret Duffy is a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California Berkeley, and Marc Alessi works with the Union of Concerned Scientists. (Click here to see the schedule.)

Hosts: Susan Moran, Joel Parker
Show Producer: Susan Moran
Engineer/ Executive Producer: Joel Parker

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Birds at Risk

Arvind Panjabi releasing a banded grasshopper sparrow in Chihuahua state, Mexico. Photo credit: Sujata Gupta

Birds: Risk and Resilience (start time: 5:55)  What speaks of Spring more than the songs of American robins, yellow warblers, spotted towhees and other birds in the early morning? As we relish in these avians choruses, it’s also an important time to examine why bird populations in North America have, by and large, been plummeting in recent decades, due to multiple stressors, including climate change and habitat destruction. At the same time, some  conservation efforts (including bipartisan legislation) on the federal, state and local levels, are bearing some fruit. And everyone can help give these winged creatures a hand, starting with their own gardens, and by getting involved in citizen science projects, such a bird-banding and bird-counting. In this week’s show, host Susan Moran interviews Arvind Panjabi, a senior research scientist at Bird Conservancy of the Rockies, a nonprofit organization devoted to the conservation of birds and their habitats. (Listen to Shelley Schlender’s sound portrait of five migratory birds that are visiting Colorado now (start time: 2:58).

Host/Producer: Susan Moran
Engineer: Jackie Sedley
Executive Producer: Joel Parker
Headline Contributors: Joel Parker, Shelley Schlender

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Gold Lab Symposium – Cardiologist Nelson Trujillo

Nelson Trujillo – Boulder Heart

Larry Gold speaks about the GoldLab Foundation’s 2025 Symposium.

Cardiologist Nelson Trujillo (Starts  2:55) Nelson Trujillo will speak at the Symposium about the existential crisis doctors face today, and solutions.

The GoldLab Foundation Symposium takes place Thursday and Friday, May 15 and 16, at CU Boulder’s Muenzinger Auditorium.  Sessions start at 9 AM.

HOTLINKS:

Biochemist Larry Gold –  Extended interview.

Cardiologist Nelson Trujillo –  Extended Interview

Gold Lab Foundation 2025 Schedule and symposium registration

Host/Producer: Shelley Schlender
Executive Producer: Joel Parker

2025 Graduation Special (part 1)

diploma-and-graduation-hatWith graduation season upon us, today’s edition of How on Earth is Part 1 of our annual “Graduation Special”. Our guests in the studio today are scientists and engineers who have or will soon receive their Masters or Ph.D. from the University of Colorado in a STEM-related field.  They talk about their thesis research, their grad school experiences, and what they have planned next.

Renee Spear – Aerospace Engineering
Topic: Collision-Free Spacecraft Trajectory Design in Multi-Body Systems

 

Gautam Kavuri – Physics
Topic: Wringing the Bell: Implementations of Cryptographic Protocols Based on Bell Non-locality

 

Dhyey Bhavsar – Aerospace Engineering
Topic: Shape Diameter Computation on Surface Meshes and A Review of Shape Regularization Methods in Level-Set Topology Optimization

You can listen to all past year Graduation Special episodes.

Host / Producer: Joel Parker

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Mutualism in Nature

Sweet in Tooth and Claw (start time: 0:59)  Since the 1800s, science has been obsessed with the notion, stemming from Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution through natural selection, that only the “fittest” can survive and pass on their strong genes. As in, it’s a ruthless, violent world. And today, we humans find ourselves mired in a hyper-polarized society fixated on competition, disruption, and “If you win, I lose” thinking. A good time to take a look at a different way of living together–how a “kinder, gentler” approach also helps species evolve.  In this week’s show, Susan Moran interviews journalist/author Kristin Ohlson, whose most recent book, Sweet in Tooth and Claw: Stories of Generosity and Cooperation in the Natural World, was recently released in paperback by Patagonia Works.

Host/Producer: Susan Moran
Engineer: Jackie Sedley
Executive Producer: Joel Parker

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De-funding NIST’s Atomic Spectroscopy Group

Alexander Kramida – NIST Atomic Spectroscopy Group – phote from NIST

Federal cutbacks have led the National Institute of Standards and Technology to shut down a long-running, highly prized information center used by scientists around the world, for projects ranging from searching for exoplanets, to making better microchips, to detecting atomic missiles.   Atomic Spectroscopy Database Manager Alexander Kramida explains the purpose of the Atomic Spectroscopy Group, the impact of losing it, and what’s next, now that federal budget cuts mean NIST is shutting it down.

For a Transcript, go here.

Host & Show Producer: Shelley Schlender
Additional Contributions: Joel Parker
Executive Producer: Joel Parker

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The Lucy Mission

image credit: NASA

Our guest today is Dr. Simone Marchi, Institute Scientist in the Solar System Science & Exploration Division at the Boulder office of Southwest Research Institute. Dr. Marchi is the Deputy Principal Investigator for NASA’s Lucy mission.  Lucy will be the first space mission to explore a population of small bodies known as the Trojan asteroids, which orbit out at the distance of Jupiter. Lucy has two “practice” flybys of main belt asteroids: Dinkinesh in November 2023, and Donaldjohanson coming up in just a few days on April 20, 2025.

Producer and Host: Joel Parker

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Poisoning the Well: How Forever Chemicals Contaminated America. 

Poisoning the Well (starts 2:00)  Boulder science writer Sharon Udasin discusses her new book,  Poisoning the Well:  How Forever Chemicals Contaminated America.  The book chronicles how these chemicals have ended up in our soil , drinking water, our bloodstreams . . . including in Colorado.  She also explains what we can do about these sometimes useful, but far too often, health-endangering chemicals.

Sharon will speak April 8th at the Boulder Bookstore.

Other events discussed in this show are the CU-Boulder Conference on World Affairs and the Dinosaur Ridge Raptorthon

Special thanks to Simon Roberts and his youtube channel, Environmental Chemistry Explained, for the song, “Forever Chemicals.”

Producer and Host: Shelley Schlender
Executive Producer: Joel Parker

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